Table of Contents

Markus Neteler (2000): GRASS-Handbuch. ISBN 3-927053-30-9

Table of Contents

(draft translation)

List of figures
1 Introduction to GRASS Geographical Information System

What you can do with GRASS GIS
Outline of GIS capabilities of GRASS

2 Prerequisites to run GRASS

Required hardware and software
Don't be afraid using UNIX!

What is UNIX?
Log in to the system
Structure of directories
File management
File access, floppy access, copying from CD-ROM
Using applications
Finishing work: logout from UNIX

3 GRASS as a Geographical Information System

Management of geospatial data
GIS-Concepts
Projections in GRASS
Geospatial data analysis
Supported file formats

4 Start using GRASS
5 How to plan a GRASS database

Defining a project area with defined geospatial resolution
Defining a project area with flexibel geospatial resolution
Universal definition of project area when using scanned maps

6 Raster data management

Hints for importing raster data into GRASS
Import of a raster map into unprojected xy-location
Import of a raster map into a projected location (Gauß-Krüger-coordinate system)
Looking at the imported raster map
Recommendations: Resolution of raster maps
Simplified Import of scanned maps

Geocoding of a scanned map
Seamless geocoding of adjacent scanned maps
Import of raster data in ARC-GRID-format

Generating small clippings
Export of a raster map
Zoom into the map
Automated conversion of raster data to vector data
Conversion of raster data to point data (sites)
Intersecting raster maps
Interpolation of raster maps
Isolinie generation from elevation maps
Special notes on GRASS 5.x
Map algebra using r.mapcalc
Assigning attributes to raster maps
Saving and querying meta information from raster maps

7 Vector data management

Why digitizing maps?
Vector types in GIS
Vectorising using GRASS

Digitising rules for topological GIS
Digitising of maps
Digitising areas
Digitising contour lines
Assigning attributes (Labels) to vector maps

Import and Export of vector maps
Zoom into vector maps
Vector data conversion to raster maps
Creation of a raster elevation model from vector contour lines
Query of vector informationen
Intersection of areas, extraction of vectors
Interpolation of raster surfaces from vector data
Direct conversion of vector data to raster format
Automated vectorising of raster maps

8 Point data management

Manual digitizing of point data
Working with digital elevation models

Import and conversion of elevation data in xyz-ASCII-format
Interpolation of raster elevation surfaces
Export of elevation data
Perspective visualization

Generation of Thiessen-polygons
Special notes on GRASS 5.x

9 Hard copy map creation

Map creation using ps.map
Map creation using xfig
Using the CELL-driver

10 Practical use of GRASS: GIS Applications

Installation of SPEARFISH sample dataset
Working with SPEARFISH sample dataset
Erosion modelling with USLE
3D-visualization using NVIZ
Working with worldwide data: GTOPO30 and DCW
Interpolation of an elevation model from spot heights
Relief analysis using GRASS

Creating synthetical elevation models
Geomorphological analysis

Sketched analysis of hydrological parameters

11 Satellite image processing

Geometrical preprocessing of multispectral satellite data

Import of satellite images
Coordinate transformation from UTM to Gauß-Krüger system
Coordinate transformation of small image clips

Contrast adjustment of satellite images
Classification of satellite images

Methods based on image radiometric image properties
Supervised classification based on geometric image properties
Outline of classification methods

Principal component analysis
Image fusion: Improving the resolution of satellite images
Fourier transform and inverse Fourier transform

Transformation and image filtering
Back transformation

Matrix filter

12 Orthofoto generation from aerial photos

Introduction
From aerial photo to ortho photo
Using GRASS

Creation of the projected target location
Creation of the unprojected xy-location for the raw image
Ortho photo generation

13 Special notes for GRASS programming

Script programming
Automated usage of GRASS
Notes for C-programming with GRASS

14 References
Appendix

Frequently asked questions and answers
Summary of important GRASS commands

Point data commands
Vector data commands
Raster data commands
Image processing commands
Display commands
PPM driver commands
Postscript commands
General commands
Miscellaneous commands and map projection commands

Structure of GRASS database

Removing GIS data from GRASS database
Copying of a GRASS database

Converting external GIS formats for GRASS

Export from ARC/INFO
Import into GRASS
IDRISI-Export to GRASS via ARC/INFO
Import of ESRI formats SHAPE and E00

Coordinate transformation using m.proj and Map projections using r.proj/v.proj
Definition of Postscript drivers in GRASS
Control file for ps.map: Example "`Moordaten.psmap"'
General notes

Usage of UNIX-Text tools for GIS-data preparation
Typical color values for topographical maps
Informationen about LANDSAT-TM-Satellite bands

Index

© 2000 Markus Neteler, Hannover