GIS tools for erosion/deposition modeling and multidimensional visualization


Part IV: Processed based erosion simulation for spatially complex conditions and its applications to installations

February - November 1997

Part V: Impact of transport capacity and terrain structures on erosion simulations

September - December 1997



Prepared by:

Geographic Modeling and Systems Laboratory, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois

H. Mitasova, L. Mitas, W.M. Brown, D. Johnston


Prepared for:

U.S.Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratories

S. Warren





Urbana, November 1997







Contents

1. Introduction......................................................................................................................................3

2. Methods............................................................................................................................................4

    2.1 Unit stream power based erosion/deposition model (USPED)................................................4

    2.2 Process-based simulation of water erosion (SIMWE).............................................................6

         2.2.1 Impact of spatially uniform parameters in complex terrain............................................7

         2.2.2 Transport and detachment capacity equations (V)............................................................9

         2.2.3 Impact of spatially variable land cover (V)....................................................................11

         2.2.4 Impact of temporal variability in land cover..................................................................12

         2.2.5 Simulation of impact of terrain structures.....................................................................13

3. GIS tools (V)..................................................................................................................................14

4. Applications to military installations...........................................................................................16

    4.1 Ft. Irwin...................................................................................................................................16

    4.2 Ft. McCoy (V)..........................................................................................................................21

5. Conclusion, future directions........................................................................................................25

6. References......................................................................................................................................25

7. Full size figures (for printed version)...........................................................................................30

Note: Chapters (V) describe work performed for the PART V contract, the rest is for the PART IV contract.

Electronic version of this report is available at
www2.gis.uiuc.edu/erosion/reports/cerl97/rep97.html








7. Full size figures

All full size figures are available in electronic form as part of the electronic version of this report at: www2.gis.uiuc.edu/erosion/reports/cerl97/rep97.html

For illustration, we provide color hardcopies for the following selected figures:

Figure 1. Comparison of observed and predicted deposition pattern using 1D and 2D flow

Figure 2. Impact of increasing rainfall excess on erosion/deposition pattern

Figure 4. Impact of increasing critical shear stress on erosion/depostion pattern.

Figure 8. Simulation of water depth, sediment flow and net erosion/deposition for different land use alternatives.

Figure 12. Volume models of soil properties

Figure 21. Steady state water depth simulated by SIMWE.

Figure 23. Sediment flow and erosion/deposition rates predicted by SIMWE from 10m resolution DEM smoothed by RST