From "Introduction to GRASS 4" by James Westervelt, June 11, 1991
GENERAL GRASS DATA MANAGEMENT COMMANDS
g.access Controls user access to the current GRASS mapset.
g.ask Prompts the user for the names of GRASS data base files.
g.copy Copies available data files in the user's current mapset search path and location to the appropriate element directories under the user's current mapset.
g.filename Prints GRASS data base file names.
g.findfile Searches for GRASS data base files and sets variables for the shell.
g.gisenv Outputs the user's current GRASS variable settings.
g.help GRASS help facility.
g.list Lists available GRASS data base files of the specified data type ,to standard output.
g.manual Accesses GRASS reference manual entries.
g.mapsets Modifies the user's current mapset search path, affecting the user's access to data existing under the other GRASS mapsets in the current location.
g.region Program to manage the boundary definitions for the geographic region.
g.remove Remove data base element files from the user's current mapset.
g.rename Rename data base element files in the user's current mapset.
g.version Outputs the GRASS version number and date.
HARDCOPY GRAPHICS COMMANDS
p.chart - Prints a color chart for the printer currently selected.
p.colors - Allows the user to modify a color table for a raster map layer, assigning colors to the categories in the raster map layer based on printer color numbers (instead of red, green, blue percentages).
p.icons - Allows the user to create and maintain icons which are used by the
p.map command to depict sites.
p.labels - Creates and modifies labels for hardcopy maps.
p.map - Command language interface to color hardcopy and graphics monitor output.
p.screen - Prints a graphics monitor display image file that has been saved by d.savescreen.
p.select - Selects a device (printer) for GRASS hardcopy output. Outputs
can also be previewed on the graphics display monitor.
DISPLAY GRAPHICS COMMANDS
d.3d Three-dimensional raster map display program.
d.ask Prompts the user to select a GRASS data base file from among files displayed in a menu on the graphics monitor.
d.colormode Allows the user to establish whether a map will be displayed using its own color table or the fixed color table of the graphics monitor.
d.colors Allows the user to interactively change the color table of a raster map layer displayed on the graphics monitor.
d.colortable Display the color table associated with a raster map layer.
d.display Interactive program to display textual, symbolic, raster, vector, and site data in the active frame on the user's graphics monitor.
d.erase Erases the active display frame on the graphics monitor.
d.font Selects text fonts to be used for text display on the graphics monitor.
d.frame Manages display frames on the graphics monitor.
d.geodesic Displays a geodesic line, tracing the shortest distance between two geographic points along a great circle, in a latitude-longitude data set.
d.graph Program for generating and displaying simple graphics to the graphics display monitor.
d.grid Overlays a user-specified grid in the active display frame on the graphics monitor.
d.his Produces and displays a raster map layer combining hue, intensity, and saturation (his) values from user-specified input raster map layers.
d.histogram Plots a histogram in the form of a pie or bar chart for a user-specified raster file.
d.icons Displays points, as icons, at user-defined locations in the active display frame on the graphics monitor.
d.label Creates and places text labels in the active display frame on the graphics monitor.
d.labels Create/edit GRASS label files for display on the graphics monitor.
d.legend Displays a legend for a raster map layer in the active frame on the graphics monitor.
d.mapgraph Generates and displays simple graphics on raster map layers drawn in the active graphics monitor display frame.
d.measure Measures the lengths and areas of features drawn by the user in the active display frame on the graphics monitor.
d.menu Creates and displays a menu within the active frame on the graphics monitor.
d.mon Establishes and control use of a graphics display monitor.
d.paint.labels Displays text labels formatted for use with GRASS paint (paint, p.map) output to the active frame on the graphics monitor.
d.points Displays point graphics in the active frame on the graphics display monitor.
d.profile Displays profiles of a user-specified raster map layer in the active frame on the user's graphics monitor.
d.rast Displays and overlays raster map layers in the active display frame on the graphics monitor.
d.rgb Allows multiple maps to be overlaid in the active display frame on the graphics monitor.
d.rhumbline Displays the rhumbline joining two user-specified points in the active frame on the user's graphics monitor.
d.scale Displays a map scale and north arrow relevant to a user's current geographic region setting in the active display frame on the graphics monitor.
d.sites Displays site markers in the active display frame on the graphics monitor.
d.text Draws text in the active display frame on the graphics monitor.
d.title Outputs a title for a raster map layer in a form suitable for display by d.text.
d.vect Displays GRASS vector data in the active frame on the
d.vect.dlg Displays a vector USGS digital line graph (DLG-3) file in the active frame on the graphics monitor.
d.what.rast Allows the user to interactively query the category contents of multiple raster map layers at user-specified locations within the current geographic region.
d.what.vect Allows the user to interactively query the category contents of multiple (binary) vector map layers at user-selected locations within the current geographic region.
d.where Identifies the geographic coordinates associated with point locations in the active frame on the graphics monitor.
d.zoom Allows the user to change the current geographic region settings
interactively, using a mouse.
RASTER DATA MANIPULATION COMMANDS
r.average Finds the average of values in a values map within polygons of a user-specified base map.
r.basins.fill Generates a raster map layer showing watershed sub-basins.
r.binfer Bayesian expert system development function.
r.buffer Creates a raster map layer showing buffer zones surrounding cells that contain non-zero category values.
r.cats Prints category values and labels associated with user-specified raster map layers.
r.clump Recategorizes data in a raster map layer by grouping cells that form physically discrete areas into unique categories.
r.coin Tabulates the mutual occurrence (coincidence) of categories for two raster map layers.
r.colors Creates/Modifies the color table associated with a raster map layer.
r.combine Allows category values from several raster map layers to be combined.
r.compress Compresses and decompresses raster files.
r.cost Outputs a raster map layer showing the cumulative cost of moving between different geographic locations on an input raster map layer whose cell category values represent cost.
r.covar Outputs a covariance/correlation matrix for user-specified raster map layer(s).
r.cross Creates a cross product of the category values from multiple raster map layers.
r.describe Prints terse list of category values found in a raster map layer.
r.drain Traces a flow through an elevation model on a raster map layer.
r.grow Generates an output raster map layer with contiguous areas grown by one cell (pixel).
r.in.ascii Converts an ASCII text file into a raster map layer.
r.in.ll Creates a raster file from data in latitude-longitude coordinates.
r.infer Outputs a raster map layer whose category values represent the application of user-specified criteria (rules statements) to other raster map layers' category values.
r.info Outputs basic information about a user-specified raster map layer.
r.line Creates a new GRASS vector (digit) file by extracting linear features from a thinned raster file.
r.los Line-of-sight raster analysis program.
r.mapcalc Raster map layer data calculator.
r.mask Establishes/removes the current working mask.
r.mfilter Raster file matrix filter.
r.neighbors Makes each cell category value a function of the category values assigned to the cells around it, and stores new cell values in an output raster map layer.
r.out.ascii Converts a raster map layer into an ASCII text file.
r.patch Creates a composite raster map layer by using known category values from one (or more) map layer(s) to fill in areas of "no data" in another map layer.
r.poly Extracts area edges from a raster map layer and converts data to vector format.
r.profile Plots profiles of a GRASS raster map layer.
r.random Creates a raster map layer and sites list containing randomly located sites.
r.reclass Creates a new map layer whose category values are based upon the user's reclassification of categories in an existing raster map layer.
r.report Reports statistics for raster map layers.
r.resample GRASS raster map layer data resampling capability.
r.rescale Rescales the range of category values in a raster map layer.
r.slope.aspect Generates raster map layers of slope and aspect from a raster map layer of true elevation values.
r.stats Generates area statistics for raster map layers.
r.support Allows the user to create and/or modify raster map layer support files.
r.surf.contour Surface generation program.
r.surf.idw Surface generation program, from raster data.
r.thin Thins non-zero cells that denote linear features in a raster file.
r.transect Provides transect information across a raster map.
r.volume Sums cell values within clumps and calculates volumes and centroids of patches or clumps.
r.watershed Watershed basin analysis program.
r.weight Raster map overlay function.
r.what Queries raster map layers on their category values and category
labels.
VECTOR DATA MANIPULATION COMMANDS
v.cadlabel Attaches labels to vector contour lines that have been imported to GRASS from DXF format.
v.digit A menu-driven, highly interactive map development program used for vector digitizing, editing, labeling, and converting vector data to raster format.
v.import Converts ASCII Digital Line Graph (DLG) files, binary DLG files, and ASCII vector files into binary vector files and creates the needed vector support files.
v.in.arc Converts data in ARC/INFO format to GRASS's vector format, and stores output in the user's current GRASS mapset.
v.in.ascii Converts ASCII vector map layers into binary vector map layers.
v.in.dlg Converts binary DLG (BDLG) file to binary vector (dig) file.
v.in.dxf DXF format to GRASS vector format conversion program.
v.mkgrid Creates a (binary) GRASS vector map of a user-defined grid.
v.mkquads Creates a GRASS vector map layer and/or sites list and/or geographic region definition file for a USGS 7.5-minute quadrangle.
v.out.arc Converts GRASS vector files to ARC/INFO's "Generate" file format.
v.out.ascii Converts binary vector map layers into ASCII vector map layers.
v.out.dlg Converts binary GRASS vector data to binary DLG-3 Optional format.
v.out.dxf GRASS vector format to DXF format conversion program.
v.out.moss Converts GRASS site, line, or area data into MOSS import format. (Data Export Program)
v.patch Creates a new binary vector map layer by combining other binary vector map layers.
v.prune Prunes points from binary GRASS vector data files.
v.spag Processes a Spaghetti-digitized vector file.
v.stats Displays information about a user-specified GRASS vector file.
v.support Creates GRASS support files for (binary) GRASS vector data.
v.to.rast Converts a map layer in (binary) GRASS vector format to GRASS raster format.
v.to.sites Converts a GRASS vector file to a GRASS site-lists file.
v.transform Transforms an ASCII vector map layer from one coordinate system into another coordinate system.
v.trim Trims small spurs and removes excessive nodes from a GRASS vector
(digit) file.
MULTISPECTRAL DATA MANIPULATION COMMANDS
i.cca Canonical components analysis (cca) program for image processing.
i.class An imagery function that generates spectral signatures for an image by allowing the user to outline regions of interest. The resulting signature file can be used as input for i.maxlik or as a seed signature file for i.cluster.
i.cluster An imagery function that generates spectral signatures for land cover types in an image using a clustering algorithm. The resulting signature file is used as input for i.maxlik.
i.colors An imagery function that creates colors for imagery groups.
i.composite An imagery function that creates a color composite image from three band files specified by the user.
i.fft Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) for image processing.
i.grey.scale An imagery function that assigns a histogram-contrast-stretched grey-scale color table to a raster map layer.
i.group An imagery function that creates and edits groups and subgroups of (raster) imagery files.
i.his.rgb Hue-intensity-saturation (his) to red-green-blue (rgb) raster map color transformation function.
i.ifft Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (ifft) for image processing.
i.maxlik An imagery function that classifies the cell spectral reflectances in imagery data based on the spectral signature information generated in i.cluster.
i.pca Principal components analysis (pca) program for image processing.
i.points An imagery function that enables the user to mark coordinate system points on an image to be rectified and then to input the coordinates of each point for creation of a coordinate transformation matrix. The transformation matrix is needed as input for the GRASS program i.rectify.
i.ortho.photo Interactive ortho-photo rectification program.
i.rectify An imagery function that rectifies an image by computing a coordinate transformation for each cell (pixel) in the image using the transformation coefficient matrix created by the GRASS program i.points.
i.rgb.his Red-green-blue (rgb) to hue-intensity-saturation (his) function for image processing.
i.tape.mss An imagery function that extracts Multispectral Scanner (MSS) imagery data from half-inch tape.
i.tape.mss.h An imagery function that extracts header information from Landsat Multispectral Scanner (MSS) imagery data stored on half-inch tape.
i.tape.other An imagery function that extracts scanned aerial imagery (NHAP, etc.) and SPOT imagery from half-inch magnetic tape.
i.tape.tm An imagery function that extracts LANDSAT Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery from half-inch magnetic tape.
i.target An imagery function that establishes a GRASS target LOCATION for an imagery group.
i.zc Zero-crossing "edge detection" raster function for image processing.
SITE DATA MANIPULATION COMMANDS
s.db RIM data base management/query interface for GRASS.
s.in.ascii Converts a GRASS site-lists file in ASCII format to binary format.
s.menu Accesses and manipulates GRASS sites data.
s.out.ascii Converts a GRASS site-lists file in binary format to ASCII format.
s.surf.idw Surface generation program, from sites data.
EXTERNAL DATA MANIPULATION COMMANDS
m.dem.extract Extracts USGS Digital Elevation Model (DEM) data from 1/2-inch magnetic tape.
m.examine.tape Provides a description of the files on a 1/2-inch magnetic tape.
m.ll2u Converts geographic (latitude-longitude) coordinates to Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinates.
m.region.ll Converts Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinates falling within the current geographic region from UTM coordinates to geographic (latitude/longitude) coordinates.
m.rot90 Rotates elevation data extracted by either m.dted.extract or m.dmaUSGSread.
m.u2ll Converts Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) coordinates to geographic
(latitude-longitude) coordinates.